The reserve’s location at the convergence of two major ocean currents creates unique ecological conditions that nurture three inter-dependent marine habitats; mangroves, sea grass beds and coral reefs. The coral reefs found within Kiunga are comprised of mainly patch reefs, with fringing reefs in the northern part. Vegetation includes Microscopic marine plants and dugong grass, coastal scrubland and mangrove swamps.
The marine life consists of fringing offshore reefs with approximately 50 coral islands hosting an abundant reef fish population. Kiunga is home to the Dugong, the most threatened marine mammal. Also present are the sea turtles (olive ridley and leatherback). Birdlife includes a host of seabirds in large nesting colonies and international significant numbers of Crab Plover and Roseate Tern.
